Florida V Riley Case Brief Essay

Legal Citation: 488 U. S. 445, 109 S. Ct. 693, 102 L. Ed. 2d. 835 (1989) Procedural History: The respondent, Michael A. Riley, was charged with possession of marijuana under Florida law. The trail court granted his motion to suppress; the Court of Appeals reversed but certified the case to the Florida Supreme Court, which rejected the decision of the Court of Appeals and reinstated the trail court’s suppression order. The Supreme Court granted a writ of certiorari for Florida to review the decision of the Supreme Court of Florida. Question: Is surveillance of the interior of the partially covered greenhouse in a residential backyard from a vantage point of a helicopter located 400 feet above the greenhouse constitutes as a ‘search,’ for which a warrant is required under the Fourth Amendment and Article I, Section 12 of Florida Constitution? Facts: In this case, the Pasco County Sheriff’s office received an anonymous tip that marijuana was being grown on the respondent’s property. When the investigating officer discovered that he was not able to see the contents of the green house by the road. All he was able to see was a wire fence surrounding the mobile home and the greenhouse with a â€Å"DO NOT ENTER† sign posted on the property. He then circled twice over the respondent’s property in a helicopter at the height of 400 feet. With his naked eye, he was able to see through the openings in the roof, since there had been two missing panels, and identify what he thought was marijuana growing in the structure. A warrant was later obtained based on these observations, continuing the search revealed marijuana growing in the greenhouse. Which lead, the respondent, Michael A. Riley, to be charged with possession of marijuana under the Florida law. Decision: No. The surveillance of the interior of the partially covered greenhouse in a residential backyard from a vantage point of a helicopter located 400 feet above the greenhouse does not constitutes as a ‘search’ for which a warrant is required under the Fourth Amendment and Article I, Section 12 of Florida Constitution because helicopters are not bound by the lower limits of navigable airspace allowed to other aircrafts. Any member of the public could have legally have been flying over Riley’s property in a helicopter at the altitude of 400 feet and could have observed Riley’s greenhouse. Nothing implied that the helicopter interfered with respondent’s normal use of the greenhouse or the other parts of the curtilage. Therefore, the police did not violate his Fourth Amendment, right to privacy. Judgment: Reversed Principle of Law: The reason the court reserved the decision of the Supreme Court of Florida is because there is nothing in the records that suggest the helicopters flying at 400 feet are sufficiently rare in this country to lead substance to respondents claim that he reasonably anticipated that his greenhouse would not be subject to observation from that altitude.

The eNotes Blog Reading Round-Up June

Reading Round-Up June We asked everyone in the office to talk about their favorite books from last month. Take a look at our favorite reads from June, and let us know in the comments which books you’ll be adding to your to-read list. From epic fantasy to prose, there’s something for everyone here! Circe by Madeline Miller Page count: 393 Genre: Fantasy; Mythology Publish date: 2018 As someone who has zero knowledge of Greek and Roman mythology, I was surprised by how much I enjoyed Circe. Miller’s narrative style masterfully ties together dozens of mythological tales in a way that is both interesting and easy to follow. Circe follows the life of the titular goddess and witch of Aiaia as she learns of her powers and develops them on the island where she is exiled. Through Circe, we meet a handful of important mythological figures, from Helios, god of the sun, to Odysseus, famous Greek hero. For all the excitement I was anticipating from this story, Circe’s life is somewhat of a Cinderella tale. The story itself is very somber, but it’s told so charmingly that I had the patience to wait for the happy moments sprinkled throughout- until Miller finally rewarded me with Circe’s final redemption. I found Circe to be a fulfilling, inspiring read. - Kate, Marketing Coordinator A Storm of Swords by George R. R. Martin Page count: 973 Genre: Fantasy Publish date: 2000 When the HBO series started wrapping up (for better or worse), I decided to read through the A Song of Ice and Fire series that the show Game of Thrones is based on. I had never read the books before, and theyre not always easy reading because of how thick and voluminous they are. But this third installment has been my favorite so far because its an impressive culmination of everything that made this franchise unique and innovative in all of its brutality, political intrigue, historical realism, and massive scope. And more so than in the show, you see in greater detail how a characters actions have long-lasting, often unexpected, and disastrous consequences that drive the plot forward and affect the fates of other characters who inhabit this world. Its brain candy, but its sweet and sour in all the right ways. - Shane, Editorial Intern Sleepless Nights by Elizabeth Hardwick Page count: 128 Genre: Short Fiction Publish date: 2001 Sleepless Nights falls into my favorite loose category of prose: the kind that sits on the border between fiction and nonfiction, that asks us to be comfortable with uncertainty over whats factual or made up in service of a larger emotional truth. In this way, the book reminds me of more recent autofictional works by women like Sheila Hetis Motherhood or Rachel Cusks Outline trilogy. The books speaker shares some biographical details with Hardwick herself- her birth in Kentucky, her life in New York as an adult, glances at a marriage after its end- but is stubbornly separate in other ways, or rather refuses to comfortably fall in line. The book proceeds via vignettes, letters, and slips into different wells of memory and association. Hardwick meditates on age, the accumulation of characters and places in a life long lived, the capacities and limitations of factual autobiography, and the problem of memory- that is, should we grasp after it and catalog it? Let it soften and fade as it will and keep whatever stays? Toward the books end, her speaker seems to prefer the last option, to be known in a personal and poetic way that isnt possible through a mere glossary of facts. - Emma, Associate Editor The Priory of the Orange Tree by Samantha Shannon Page count: 848 Genre: Fantasy Publish date: 2019 This June, I read Samantha Shannon’s epic fantasy novel The Priory of the Orange Tree. This book had everything I could want- dragons, political intrigue, badass women, queer romance, and creative worldbuilding. It follows a fascinating and varied cast of characters- a disgraced alchemist, a novice dragonrider, a magical priestess from a secret order, a stubbornly unmarried queen in need of an heir- as they unravel the mysteries of the past and the prophecies of the future in an effort to avert the dragonpocalypse. As an avid fantasy reader who is routinely disappointed by the sexism and eurocentricity of the genre, I deeply appreciated Shannon’s ability to engage with classic fantasy tropes while also treating queerness and ethnic diversity as natural parts of her world. This book has cemented a prominent place on my shelf of favorite fantasy novels, and I look forward to checking out the rest of Samantha Shannon’s library soon! - Marissa, Editorial Intern A Man Called Ove by Fredrik Backman Page count: 337 Genre: Fiction Publish date: 2014 This month, I read A Man Called Ove by Fredrik Backman. The novel is about a grumpy and stubborn man who seems completely unwilling to budge from his daily routine- the neighbors know him as a curmudgeon, and it seems at first that he is exactly that. However, when a new family moves into his neighborhood, it is gradually revealed that beneath his rough exterior exists a kind and caring man living with the sadness of his recently deceased wife.   I found A Man Called Ove to be heartwarming and fun to read. Its almost impossible not to cry while learning about Oves life story and the ways in which he contributes to the lives of those around him.   - Mary, Editorial Intern Monstrous Regiment by Terry Pratchett Page count: 496 Genre: Fantasy Publish date: 2003 If you hadnt noticed, Samantha is spreading the Discworld fever around the office. So after she finished Monstrous Regiment, it was my turn. Ive enjoyed several of Terry Pratchetts Discworld books over the years (Thud!, Night Watch, and Going Postal), but I hadnt read Monstrous Regiment until now- and wow, its good. Really good. From a woman with a well-placed pair of socks to a vampire with a coffee addiction, this novel is exceptionally witty and effortlessly satirizes real-world issues. I cant add much more from what Samantha wrote the other month, simply because I do want to avoid spoilers, so do yourself a favor and pick this one up! - Wes, Project Manager The Poisonwood Bible by Barbara Kingsolver Page count: 546 Genre: Historical Fiction Publish date: 1998 Barbara Kingsolver’s The Poisonwood Bible was particularly magical on a personal level, as it is one of the only novels that I have ever read that I physically reacted to. When the gentle foreboding of the early chapters finally culminated in its tragic climax, I was stunned by a physical paralysis caused by the unceasing bluntness of Kingsolver’s masterful prose. Ultimately, what struck me most about the novel was the nature of passion and its effortless ability to warp into self-destruction, as well as the violent delusions of memory and language that seem to intensify the more they are revisited. I highly recommend this novel to anyone but especially to anyone who enjoys narratives that consist of multiple perspectives (that are, more often than not, combative). Somewhere, in the midst of the gaps of perception that characterize every thread of the story, it all weaves together into something like truth. My little beast, my eyes, my favorite stolen egg. Listen. To live is to be marked. To live is to change, to acquire the words of a story, and that is the only celebration we mortals really know. In perfect stillness, frankly, I’ve only found sorrow. - Megan, Editorial Intern Beneath the Sugar Sky by Seanan McGuire Page count: 174 Genre: Fantasy; YA Publish date: 2018 On a recommendation from a fellow editor, I started binge-reading Seanan McGuire’s Wayward Children series, a batch of stand-alone fantasy novellas all set in the same magical multiverse. The books center on Eleanor West’s Home for Wayward Children, a boarding school for teenagers who have traveled through doors to other worlds in which they finally feel like they belong- and come back to our hopelessly mundane reality longing to return to their true homes.   It’s hard to choose a favorite from the five that have been published so far, but the fourth book, Beneath the Sugar Sky, stands out for its diverse cast of characters, all of whom have traveled to different worlds, and for the setting of much of the action in Confection, a land where the sea is made of strawberry soda and the Queen of Cakes rules with a candy-coated iron fist. These are compulsively readable books brimming with sadness, humor, whimsy, terror, anger, beauty, and, ultimately, compassion. As McGuire writes at the end of Beneath the Sugar Sky, â€Å"There is kindness in the world, if we know how to look for it. If we never start denying it the door.† - Jules, Editor

Identifying Infinitive Phrases Exercises and Practice

Identifying Infinitive Phrases Exercises and Practice An infinitive is a verbalusually preceded by the particle tothat can function in a sentence as a noun, an adjective, or an adverb. This exercise will test your ability to recognize infinitive phrases and distinguish them from prepositional phrases. Instructions Each sentence below contains at least one infinitive phrase. Some (but not all) of the sentences also include prepositional phrases beginning with to. Identify only the infinitive phrase(s) in each sentence, and then compare your responses with the answers below. More than anything else, I wanted some time alone to read.My grandmother told me that we have been put on earth to share, to care, to give, and to receive.While the train was stopped at the station, Bugsy attempted to climb to the top of one of the freight cars.Mama Day tells the citizens of the island to listen to the crows instead of the news bulletins. (Gloria Naylor, Mama Day)During the Great Depression, audiences wanted to laugh when they went to the movies.Every Wednesday, six women from Wisbech came to the castle to do the weekly wash.On the last night of the retreat, we wanted to sing a song to end an evening that had been particularly touching to us all.The duke left the duchess at a Red Roof Inn and proceeded to drive to the country to see his mother.At the end of their long adventure, Lucy and Edmund are told that they are too old to return to Narnia again.Within each Ring of Plague Sabine had organized, there was a complete assortment of powers: one to fight with ice, one to see through soil, one to throw lightning, one to fly, one to fade, one to shrink, one to breathe fire, one to run like the wind, one to burrow, one to see through rock, one to levitate objects, and one to push and bind dreams. (Obert Skye, Leven Thumps and the Whispered Secret) Here (in bold print) are the answers. More than anything else, I wanted some time alone  to read.My grandmother told me that we have been put on earth  to share, /  to care,  /  to give, and  to receive.While the train was stopped at the station, Bugsy attempted  to climb  to the top of one of the freight cars.Mama Day tells the citizens of the island  to listen  to the crows instead of the news bulletins. (Gloria Naylor,  Mama Day)During the Great Depression, audiences wanted  to laugh  when they went to the movies.Every Wednesday, six women from Wisbech came to the castle  to do the weekly wash.On the last night of the retreat, we wanted  to sing a song  /  to end an evening  that had been particularly touching to us all.The duke left the duchess at a Red Roof Inn and proceeded  to drive  to the country  to see his mother.At the end of their long adventure, Lucy and Edmund are told that they are too old  to return  to Narnia again.Within each Ring of Plague Sabine had organ ized, there was a complete assortment of powers: one  to fight with ice, one  to see through soil, one  to throw lightning, one  to fly, one  to fade, one  to shrink, one  to breathe fire, one  to run like the wind, one  to burrow, one  to see through rock, one  to levitate objects, and one  to push and bind dreams. (Obert Skye,  Leven  Thumps  and the Whispered Secret)

Treadway Tire Company Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Treadway Tire Company - Essay Example Out of the three types of line foremen, the externally hired foremen is the most wandering one with no or insufficient training provided to them and due to lack of knowledge about the work they get no respect from the workers, hence a 75% turnover rate is observed. The line foremen are commanders with an ambitious mission and an army that has no or less regard for him. Any lapse on the part of the production, maintenance, quality assurance or from workers is attributed to the performance of line foremen with no say in the grievance process in order to discipline the worker. An inevitable direct cost is incurred in form of paid vacancy advertisements, payments made to the headhunters or recruitment agencies, lengthy testing process (FLT), medical checkups and in case of termination a pay in lieu of notice. Conscious efforts should be made by the organization to reduce the turnover rate and devise programs that retain employees for longer periods. Hiring a person without incurring costs on recruitment channels or without an aptitude test may result in a wrong hire results in further de-motivation and loses (Blake, 2006). The cost of hiring a new incumbent, getting him on board and hands-on with the company processes and production cycle is usually two to three times than retaining the old or leaving employee (Heathfield, 2012). Interviewers leave their core jobs to assess the candidate, the number of hours spent by human resources department on the recruitment process, training and induction costs along with administrative costs such as new uniforms, ID cards and other company property issued to the employee.  

Bible and the Odyssey Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Bible and the Odyssey - Essay Example â€Å"Deceiver, creator, acculturator, unmasked liar, survivor – these qualities of the trickster do apply to the deceiving, ethically ambiguous survivor Abram of Genesis 12: 10 – 20† (Niditch 45). Abram is portrayed as a trickster; this is because he is the Israelites’ progenitor and the traditional initiator of Yahwism, and the first contributor of covenant with God (Niditch 45). The tale of Abram in Genesis 12 outlines the particular trickster morphology that is common pattern of the narrative components; in this case, the trickster plays his or her role. This morphology is unique to both the Israelite literature and other literatures found throughout the universe (Niditch 46). The Odyssey offers an example of trickster morphology in which one of the incidents creates an important link to the larger part of the epic narrative chain. In Book 9, Odyssey speaks of his capture or imprisonment and escape from the hands of Cyclops Polyphemos. The minimized st atus of the heroes occurs when they become captives and a source of food, simple nourishment, for their unacculturated captor, who consumes Achains by the handful. The trick or deception created by Odyssey is to â€Å"make the Cyclops drunk, to blind him, and then escape tied to the monster’s sheep as they leave his cave to reach pasture† (Niditch 47). As part of his deception, Odyssey makes the giant believe that he is nobody. However, the hero creates a sophistication of himself through the revelation of his deception. Out of his boldness, he discloses his actual character to the wounded son of Poseidon. In this way, he becomes the hero of prisoners of Poseidon, and the prisoner of sorts. The Odysseus men are supposed to die at the sea and Odyssey has to suffer more statuslessness and wandering (Niditch 47). Just like Genesis 12, Genesis 26 traces the pattern of deception from the marginal status to the enhancement of the underdog tale. Genesis 26 is full of trickste r; this is because deception is revealed and there is deception (Niditch 51). The deception found in Genesis 26 is due to a direct response to a threat. In other words, the perceived threat is dealt with deception. The revelation of the reduced status in Genesis 26 comes before the heroes’ status is improved. This is in contrast to Genesis 12 where deception results in the heroes’ improvement and the revelation of their reduced status (Niditch 52). The theme of deception is evident throughout the Odyssey. There are many examples where individuals (particularly Odysseus and goddess Athena) use deception. The reason for acts of deception vary, however, Homer evidently indicates the significance placed on being clever. Athena uses deception as an act of disguise whereas Odysseus uses deception as an act of storytelling. Athena as a young man appears to Odysseus after he wakes up on Ithaka confused of his whereabouts. Athena disguises herself in order to test Odysseus; in other words, Athena wants to see if Odysseus is still on his toes. In response, Odysseus tells Athena (disguised as a man) a fake story about himself. The purpose behind Athena’s cover up is Homer’s means of continuing to stress about how smart Odysseus is. Homer evidently states his perspective of Odysseus when Athena states that â€Å"Of all men alive / you are the best in plots and storytelling† (13.351-52)†

Company Introduction, Market Segmentation, and Product Positioning Essay

Company Introduction, Market Segmentation, and Product Positioning - Essay Example However, today, it has expanded to immeasurable lengths. For a young company that is barely ten years old, the financial performance is excellent. It had opened three other branches in other states including Ohio, Michigan and Massachusetts. However, the company has also opened a branch in Australia which is thriving like its mother company. The company distinguishes itself as fast fashion trademark and offers high fashion clothing to reach the public at affordable prices. The Company’s mission statement is ‘when the customer looks good, we look good.’ In light of this, the main aim of the company is to ensure their customers look trendy and thus keep up with fashion (London Business School, 2008). Trendy Fashionista has over 500 employees in all their five branches. Additionally, it boasts of a wide range of customers from all backgrounds. The clothes sold are not the average clothes found in cloth stores. The company’s fashion designers go an extra mile t o make clothes that are unique. This coupled with the fact that the company sells its clothes at fairly cheap prices makes Trendy Fashionista the perfect destination for a fashion conscious individual. Marketing Plan Introduction The fashion industry is ever changing due to contribution of companies like Topshop, H&M and Zara (Helm, 2008). Consequently, factors affecting the clothing industry will influence trends in the high fashion world. In the clothing industry, customers’ preferences vary according to their ages and body types. Furthermore, the demand for clothing is affected by population size and patterns. It is important to note that demographic trends are the driving force in the fashion. The company puts all these factors into consideration before setting up their market plan. Financial Goals The most important goal for Trendy Fashionista over the next ten years is to increase its revenues by at least 40% each year. This way, the company shall make at least 50% in p rofits and hence be a profitable business. Furthermore, the company intends to start online shopping. It has been realized that most shoppers would rather shop online due to their hectic schedules (London Business School, 2008). Additionally, it intends to expand its manufacturing capabilities. At the moment, once the fashion designers finish their job, the company has to outsource manufacturers. Therefore, the company needs to start making its own clothes. Furthermore, the company intends to increase its distribution and possibly open one more store in Australia. This will take care of the growing clientele base in Australia. Finally, the company intends to start taking part in community development. The founders are passionate about developing the community and thus the target is to set aside $10,000 to be donated to various Non Governmental Organizations. Non Financial goals The company intends to introduce a new product line, lightweight luggage. After a lot of research, the com pany has discovered that today’s traveler is tired of heavy luggage. Therefore, the company’ designers have been working on a new product that will lighten the traveler’s experience and if possible make the experience enjoyable. The luggage has been customized not only be easy to carry but also easy to improvise. For example, the product comes with an inbuilt charger which can be converted into a phone. The biggest challenge that the company has so far is that it lacks an internet

French Revolution Essay Example for Free

French Revolution Essay The world has seen many revolutions in history. One of the biggest revolutions was the French Revolution because it came with many consequences and influences. Nothing else like this had ever happened this powerful to change the political status quo. Many people surprisingly don’t know how the French Revolution started but through this paper we will be learning more about it. Starting in 1789 through 1794 the people of France dethroned and arrested their king Louis XVI, took apart his monarchy, and executed him, his wife, and thousands of nobles. The French people then set up a new system of government on concepts of popular rule, personal liberty, and equal justice for all to replace their old leaders. This was a new start for France and would hopefully put them in the position they wanted to be in as a country. France was one of the biggest and most powerful countries in the world and had good monarchy, a large army and navy, and many foreign colonies and responsibilities. Much of this was very expensive to keep up, but not having it could end up becoming even worse. Paying for all these different things would be costly but this would not put them in their economic struggle. It would be their support in wars like â€Å"The Seven Year War† that caused them to borrow too much money to the point they could not pay back. Louis XVI would now take the thrown and try to help France in these horrible economic times. He came up with a plan to aid the Americans in their dependence from the British. He hoped this would get some influence in North America, but even though this was much help in the American victory France made no progress and went farther into debt. France was in big trouble and now had no national budget and little central financial planning. The French people were already overtaxed. Knowing the French was stuck in a hole and must find a way to get money Louis had to talk to his advisors. Many of King Louis financial advisors told him the only way to build up the France economy was to tax vast lands owned by the church and nobility, but the only way to tax them was to have a meeting with the Estates General. In 1788 Louis called a meeting with the Estates General and this would be a big part in setting the stage for the beginning of the French Revolution. The meeting would consist of representatives of each Estate. Even though the Third Estate made up 97% of the French population Louis would rely on the First and Second Estate to overrule the third. But things would soon turn for the worst for Louis, because the commoners (the third Estate) with a few of the members of the other estates disobeyed the king and named themselves the National Assembly. Their goal was to get all the all French citizens basic civil rights. They were willing to be very peaceful at the beginning, but Louis would not even come to an agreement with any of the Third Estate’s demands. Louis called a meeting between himself and the delegates of the three estates on June 23, 1789 three days after the Tennis Court Oath. There Louis told the delegates he would negotiate a number of reforms. The reforms Louis named had nothing to do with the demands of the Third Estate. The revolutionaries would not give up that easily and wanted Louis to know it. This made the king upset and now he would begin to use the army to force his will on the people. In late June Louis ordered four regiments of soldiers to advance on Paris and Versailles and soon after that ordered up several more. A large group of people went to Bastille to get ammo and gun powder and were met by a large number of troops where there was a big battle. This battle put the revolutionaries on top and Paris was pretty much theirs. Rumors went around that Louis was sending troops into the rural areas to handle the peasants, this became known as the â€Å"Great Fear†. When the troops did not come, the peasants went crazy and started to attack and sometimes burn the rich lord’s mansions. Doing this they also burned records of feudal obligations. Now the National Assembly had wanted to focus on getting a new constitution for France. The first draft was made August 27, 1789 named the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen and showed to Louis on October 2, 1789. Louis said he would look over the draft but the revolutionaries needed to know how long it would take. They were worried that the king might be stalling to set up some attack. Inspired by the concern and mad about the latest lost in bread, part of the populace took action. On October 5th a large group of women went to Louis’s palace demanding he use his wealth to provide bread for hungry families and that he approve the declaration. When Louis’s wife, Marie Therese heard about the peasants not having any bread she then said â€Å"Let them eat cake† not even knowing that cake was a food that the rich ate because they could only afford it. This made the women very angry and was a very big part of the revolution. Fearing that the women would soon get violent he agreed to their demands. The women still didn’t trust Louis and made him and his family move to the old palace (Tuileries) in Paris so he could be watched. Later Louis and his family then tried to flee France when they were caught and sent back to Paris for Louis to stand trial. Leaders of the Assembly then realized that killing Louis would be best for all. So on January 21, 1793 Louis XVI was publically executed hoping that the French monarchy would soon end. This was the start of the revolution and would now hopefully let France start over. Louis was now gone and the people could now try to make their own decisions. This might not be the end of all their worries but they are now pointed in the right direction.